Definition
AI literacy ranges from knowing what a model can and cannot do, to writing good prompts, checking outputs, protecting data and recognising when not to use AI. It differs by role: what a frontline user needs is not what a board member or an engineer needs.
Article 4 of the EU AI Act has applied since 2 February 2025. As amended by the Digital Omnibus on AI in July 2026, it requires providers and deployers of AI systems to take measures to support the development of AI literacy among their staff and others operating AI on their behalf, without having to guarantee any particular level for each person. The European Commission publishes guidance and practical examples.